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What is distillation?

Distillation: is a thermodynamic separation process that utilizes different boiling points of various components in a mixed liquid or liquid-solid system to evaporate low-boiling components and then condense to separate the entire component of the unit operation process, which is evaporation and condensation. A combination of unit operations.

Principle: Using the difference in volatility of the components in the liquid mixture, the liquid mixture is partially vaporized and the vapor is partially condensed to achieve separation of the components contained therein. It is a unit operation that belongs to mass transfer separation. Widely used in refining, chemical, light industry and other fields. The principle is as an example of separating a two-component mixture. The liquid is heated to partially vaporize it, the volatile components are concentrated in the vapor, and the less volatile components are also concentrated in the remaining liquid, which achieves the separation of the two components to some extent. The greater the difference in the volatilization ability of the two components, the greater the degree of enrichment described above. In an industrial rectification plant, a partially vaporized liquid phase is directly contacted with a partially condensed gas phase for vapor-liquid phase mass transfer, and as a result, a partially volatile component in the gas phase is transferred to the liquid phase, and the liquid phase is easy. Part of the volatile component is transferred to the gas phase, that is, partial vaporization of the liquid phase and partial condensation of the vapor phase are simultaneously achieved.

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