Refining the problem that cannabis oil has to pay attention to

We all know that when extracting cannabis oil, the short-path distillation equipment is required to provide a high-temperature environment in order to extract the reactants we need from cannabis oil. In order to create a higher temperature for the short-path distillation kit, we usually use a vacuum pump to extract the air in the short-path distillation system to reduce the pressure in the distillation equipment to create a vacuum environment that helps the entire distillation system reach higher temperatures.

 

The carboxylic acid reacts due to heat, and the carbon dioxide inside it is released during the process of extracting the cannabis oil. This will prevent the vacuum in the short-path distillation unit from being kept constant, which may affect the refining effect or cause damage to the equipment.

 

Therefore, we need to carry out decarboxylation before refining the cannabis oil.

The general decarboxylation reaction does not require a special catalyst but is carried out under the following conditions: (1) heating; (2) basic conditions; and (3) heating and alkaline conditions coexist. The most common method of decarboxylation is to heat the sodium salt of a carboxylic acid with soda lime (CaO + NaOH) or solid sodium hydroxide to cause decarboxylation, that is, -COONa is replaced by H atom to form one carbon atom less than the sodium carboxylate. Alkane.

 

The laboratory uses a mixture of anhydrous sodium acetate and soda-lime to heat the acetic acid for decarboxylation to obtain methane. The reaction mechanism of decarboxylation is that the carboxylate is first decarboxylated to form carbon dioxide and methyl anion (-CH3-). The methyl anion is a strong activity. A base that captures hydrogen from water and produces methane. In the petroleum industry, the main component of petroleum acid in high-acid crude oil is naphthenic acid, which has a great impact on petroleum processing. Therefore, general refining companies must decarboxylate naphthenic acid before processing high-acid crude oil. The carboxyl group in petroleum acid undergoes a thermal cracking reaction at 300 °C to decarboxylate and convert into hydrocarbons. The higher the relative molecular mass, the higher the decomposition temperature. It can be seen that temperature is the main factor affecting this decarboxylation reaction.

 

However, for general fatty acids, especially long-chain fatty acids, since the reaction temperature is too high, the carbon chain is broken, the decarboxylation yield is low, and the separation is not easy, it is generally not necessary to prepare an alkane. However, if an α-carbon atom of fatty acid has an electron-withdrawing group such as a nitro group, a halogen, a carbonyl group or the like, decarboxylation is easy and the yield is high, but their reaction processes are not completely the same.

Photochemical decarboxylation is the use of reagents such as N-hydroxydihydropyridinone and N-acyloxyphthalimide to form an active intermediate with the corresponding carboxylic acid, followed by photolysis and then in the presence of a suitable reducing agent. Reductive decarboxylation gives the corresponding hydrocarbon. Such reaction conditions are mild and the yield is high. In addition, there is also the decarboxylation of the decarboxylation, for example, decarboxylation in the presence of lead tetraacetate, I2 and Cl4 and irradiation to produce iodinated hydrocarbons.

H. Kolbe Electrolysis reaction, which may be a free radical reaction, in which a concentrated solution of a sodium or potassium salt of a fatty acid is electrolyzed, and a carboxylate anion loses an electron at the anode and is converted into a corresponding free radical, the latter The carbon dioxide is removed to form a hydrocarbyl radical, and the two hydrocarbyl radicals are coupled to form a hydrocarbon. This type of reaction is generally carried out using platinum as an electrode and electrolysis in a neutral or weakly acidic solution using a high concentration of sodium carboxylate. As long as a good electrode material and a suitable current density are selected, the concentration of the carboxylate is controlled, and the decarboxylation reaction can be carried out quickly. Electrochemical decarboxylation uses less chemical reagents and less environmental pollution.

We are a manufacturer of laboratory equipment that provides you with the distillation equipment and auxiliary equipment needed to refine cannabis oil.

 

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